Rivalries can be contentious and destructive, but they can also help fuel great works of art. The competitions between artistic titans of the 16th century—Michelangelo and Raphael, Caravaggio and Annibale Carracci, and Gian Lorenzo Bernini and Francesco Borromini—all contributed to an extraordinary transformation of Rome. Renaissance art historian Elaine Ruffolo surveys how the hallmarks of these artists who challenged each other’s genius are still visible in the buildings, paintings, and sculpture of the city. (World Art History Certificate elective, 1/2 credit)